Unit 2 - Women in Congress
Half the Country, a Quarter of Congress
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FRQ #2 - Quantitative Analysis
Half the Country, a Quarter of Congress: women in Congress compared with women in the United States
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Women in Congress and in the United States, Selected Years 1989 to 2025
Sources: Congressional Research Service; Pew Research Center; Center for American Women and Politics; U.S. Census Bureau. Congress figures are voting members, rounded to the nearest whole percent.
| Year | Congress (session began) | Percent of Congress who are women | Percent of U.S. population who are women |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1989 | 101st | 6% | 51% |
| 1993 | 103rd | 10% | 51% |
| 2001 | 107th | 14% | 51% |
| 2009 | 111th | 17% | 51% |
| 2017 | 115th | 21% | 51% |
| 2019 | 116th | 24% | 51% |
| 2025 | 119th | 28% | 51% |
Your Response
20:00
AIdentify the percentage of members of Congress who were women in 2025, as shown in the bar graph.
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BDescribe the difference between the percentage of members of Congress who are women and the percentage of the United States population who are women, and how that difference changed from 1989 to 2025.
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CDraw a conclusion about how well the membership of Congress reflects the United States population, based on the difference described in Part B.
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DExplain how the incumbency advantage in congressional elections could contribute to the difference shown in the bar graph.
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